Ethiopian Dialogue Commission presses ONLF to rejoin peace talks

Source: Hiiraan Online, Sunday October 27, 2024

FILE – Chief Commissioner of the Ethiopian National Dialogue Commission, Prof. Mesfin Araya, addresses the media during a press briefing

Mogadishu (HOL) — The Ethiopian Dialogue Commission is pressing the Ogaden National Liberation Front (ONLF) to reconsider its decision to boycott Ethiopia’s National Dialogue Conference, a move they say threatens to destabilize the already fragile peace agreement established between the two sides in 2018. 

The ONLF, a political organization advocating for the self-determination of Ethiopia’s Somali region, has accused the Ethiopian government of failing to uphold key promises, leading it to withdraw from the conference just days before its planned launch.

The 2018 peace accord, signed in Asmara, Eritrea, was initially celebrated as a transformative deal, ending decades of ONLF’s armed resistance and granting the group formal political recognition within Ethiopia.

However, ONLF leaders claim that only 20% of the agreement’s commitments—such as reintegrating former fighters and resetting displaced communities—have been fulfilled. ONLF spokesperson Abdiqadir Hassan Hirmooge, known as Adani, stated that the group’s patience with Ethiopia’s perceived inaction has run thin. “We maintained peace as agreed, but the government’s failure to uphold its obligations raises serious questions about its dedication to lasting reconciliation,” Adani said, noting that ONLF’s Central Committee will meet later this month to reassess its approach.

The rift between ONLF and the Ethiopian government has deepened in recent weeks following accusations from Ethiopian military chief General Berhanu Jula, who described ONLF as an “enemy” allegedly backed by Egypt. ONLF condemned the general’s statement as both inflammatory and damaging to the fragile peace, urging the Ethiopian government to clarify or retract the remark. “These claims are baseless and dangerous. To suggest we are aligned with foreign powers to destabilize Ethiopia is both false and a serious provocation,” Adani responded, warning that ONLF may reevaluate its commitment to the peace deal if such rhetoric persists.

ONLF’s decision to boycott the National Dialogue Conference reflects broader grievances with the Ethiopian government’s approach to inclusivity. The group accused the ruling party in Ethiopia’s Somali region of handpicking participants for the conference in a way that sidelines dissenting voices. Additionally, ONLF criticized the absence of representatives from key regions, including Amhara, Oromia, and Tigray, arguing that this imbalance undermines the dialogue’s goal of comprehensively addressing Ethiopia’s regional conflicts.

Despite its withdrawal, ONLF stated it remains open to rejoining the process if the dialogue framework is restructured to include all perspectives. “A genuine national dialogue cannot simply echo the ruling party’s stance; it must be rooted in true representation and inclusivity,” ONLF’s statement emphasized, adding that they would consider participating if these conditions are met.

Compounding ONLF’s discontent, the group has reported instances of cultural suppression within the Somali region, claiming the government has pressured Somali elders to renounce their identity. ONLF has also expressed concerns over rumours that Ethiopia may alter the region’s official name and flag, which they interpret as a threat to the Somali cultural identity within the nation.

For ONLF, the ultimate goal remains self-determination for the Somali region, a right supported by Ethiopia’s constitution under Article 39, which grants regional autonomy and even potential secession. Although ONLF has shifted its tactics from armed struggle to diplomacy, its leadership remains committed to the possibility of regional independence. “Self-governance is essential. If we fail to act, we risk losing everything we’ve fought for,” Adani stated recently, underscoring the group’s enduring vision for autonomy.

The Ethiopian Dialogue Commission’s call for ONLF’s participation underscores the essential role that regional voices play in Ethiopia’s search for stability. However, without the active involvement of critical groups like ONLF, Ethiopia’s National Dialogue risks becoming an incomplete attempt at reconciliation, leaving unresolved grievances and deepening existing divisions across the country.

Turkey to seek improved Africa cooperation in Djibouti talks, officials say

Source: Reuters, By Tuvan Gumrukcu
Sunday October 27, 2024

Turkish Foreign Minister Hakan Fidan speaks during a press conference in Istanbul, Turkey, October 19, 2024. REUTERS/Dilara Senkaya/File Photo Purchase Licensing Rights

Turkey’s foreign minister will travel to Djibouti next week to attend a Turkey-Africa ministerial meeting and discuss improving cooperation between Ankara and the continent, officials from his ministry said.

NATO member Turkey has ramped up its presence and influence in Africa in recent years, increasing trade nearly eight-fold, giving diplomatic and military support to some countries, and inking deals in various fields.

The officials, speaking on condition of anonymity, said the Djibouti meeting would evaluate a previous conference held in 2021 and discuss possible moves to deepen cooperation.

The meeting will be held on Nov. 2-3 and will be attended by representatives from 14 African countries, along with Turkish Foreign Minister Hakan Fidan, the officials added.

It comes amid Turkish mediation efforts to resolve a dispute between Somalia and Ethiopia over a deal that Ethiopia agreed to lease a stretch of coastline from Somaliland, and at a time when West Africa struggles with surging terrorism.

The officials said the mediation was difficult due to the lack of trust between the parties, but that Ankara hoped for good news in coming days.

On Tuesday, Turkey inked a cooperation agreement with Niger on mining, after having signed a similar cooperation deal with the West African nation on oil and gas in July.

Asked about the accord, the officials said Turkey’s Mineral Research and Exploration authority had three gold mining fields in Niger, protected by Niger security forces, and planned to start production there by the end of the year.

Turkey is competing with major powers like France, Russia and China for a foothold in Africa, forging partnerships with several nations and providing armed drones to Somalia, Ethiopia and others.

The officials said Turkey’s provision of defence equipment and military training aimed to strengthen “national capabilities” and support counterterrorism.

“Countries that have acquired Turkish drones have increased their ground control in their countries,” said an official, citing Burkina Faso’s doubling the level of its control over the state to 65% using Turkish drones.

On Tuesday, Tuareg rebels in Mali said a drone strike using a Turkish drone had killed eight people and wounded 20 others.

Reporting by Tuvan Gumrukcu; Editing by Daren Butler and Lisa Shumaker

Somalia condemns Israeli strikes on Iran, calls for regional stability

Source: Hiiraan Online, Sunday October 27, 2024

Mogadishu (HOL) — The Somali government condemned Israel’s overnight attacks on Iran, describing the action as a breach of sovereignty and a violation of international laws and customs.

In a statement released Saturday, Somalia’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs reiterated its opposition to further escalation in the Middle East, warning that widening the conflict threatens regional security and stability.

“Somalia renews its demand to the international community and the Security Council to bear their responsibilities in halting practices that threaten the region’s future,” the statement read. “It also stresses the need for serious measures to secure regional stability and peace in line with international laws and treaties.”

The Israeli military launched strikes on military bases in Iran, hitting about 20 sites over several hours in Ilam, Khuzestan and Tehran. The Iranian army confirmed four soldiers were killed after it said the attacks on Saturday targeted military bases but resulted in only “limited damage”.

Iranian military officials had previously warned that any attack from Israel would provoke a “harsher response,” raising concerns over further tensions in the region.

Preventing Genocide in Sudan

 Source: Foreign Policy published on 25 October 2024 a commentary titled “How the U.N. Can Prevent Genocide in Sudan” by Romeo Dallaire and Shelly Whitman.  

While a UN peacekeeping force in Sudan is not politically feasible at the moment, a multinational or African Union-led protection force with troops from willing countries could be mounted to protect civilians.  Initially, it could establish safe zones or safe corridors for civilians to facilitate the delivery of emergency aid. 

War and instability bring African governance progress to a halt: Report

Source: Aljazeera, Democratic backsliding in Africa reflects global trend towards ‘strongman politics’ emboldening autocrats.

Published On 23 Oct 202423 Oct 2024

Progress in democratic governance in Africa has ground to a halt, according to a new report issued by the Mo Ibrahim Foundation.

The latest edition of the Ibrahim Index of African Governance, published on Wednesday, found that progress in governance across the continent came to a halt in 2022 following four years of “almost complete stagnation”.

Dozens killed by paramilitary RSF in Sudan’s Gezira, aid groups say

Source: UNICEF calls for more international attention to ‘the forgotten crisis’ as about 25.6 million people face acute hunger.

Published On 26 Oct 202426 Oct 2024

Dozens of civilians have been killed and thousands displaced in Sudan’s Gezira state, aid groups said, after several days of attacks by the paramilitary Rapid Support Forces (RSF).

A union of doctors and a youth group said the RSF attacked several villages and towns in the east-central state of Gezira, looting and vandalising public and private properties, and leaving dozens dead, The Associated Press news agency reported on Saturday

Türkiye to commence oil and natural gas exploration in Somali territories

Source: Saturday October 26, 2024

Türkiye is set to begin oil and natural gas exploration in Somali land areas thanks to a new agreement between Turkish Petroleum and Somali Petroleum Authority, Turkish energy and natural resources minister announced on Friday.

Turkish Petroleum Corporation and Somali Petroleum Authority signed a new agreement for hydrocarbon exploration in land areas, said Minister Alparslan Bayraktar, speaking at the welcoming ceremony at the Port of Mogadishu where the Oruc Reis ship arrived following a 20-day journey from Istanbul.

Türkiye and Somalia are further broadening cooperation in maritime regions, he added.

​​​​​​​Oruc Reis will carry out three-dimensional seismic studies in areas off the coast of Somalia. The mission is expected to last approximately six months and will involve collecting seismic data for both oil and natural gas. This data will be analyzed in the Turkish capital Ankara to identify potential drilling sites.

Earlier on Friday, Bayraktar met with Somalia’s Prime Minister Hamza Abdi Barre, the Turkish minister posted on X, sharing photos from the meeting. Ties between Türkiye and Somalia ‘are getting stronger every day with the projects we jointly develop,’ Bayraktar shared on X.

‘We want to contribute to the welfare of the Somali people and strengthen our friendship by investing not only in oil and gas but also in mining and electricity sectors,’ he said.

The Turkish minister was also received by the President of Somalia, Hassan Sheikh Mohamud.

Since Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan’s historic visit to Somalia in 2011, ‘our bilateral relations have gained significant momentum,’ Bayraktar said in a separate post on X. ‘Now, with the launch of our Oruc Reis ship, we are entering a new phase of partnership,’ he added.

Earlier this year, Türkiye and Somalia signed memorandums of understanding between their ministries and governments. Under these agreements, Turkish Petroleum, Türkiye’s national oil company, obtained licenses for three offshore areas in Somali waters. The ministry plans to conduct seismic surveys across the three licensed zones, each covering roughly 5,000 square kilometers.

Türkiye, a close ally of the Horn of Africa nation, has invested in the country’s education, infrastructure and health and provided extensive humanitarian aid through the years.

Malaria is surging in Ethiopia, reversing a decade of progress against the disease

Source: New York Poast, By Maya Misikir and Stephanie Nolen
Maya Misikir reported from Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Stephanie Nolen covers the global threat of infectious diseases including malaria.
Saturday October 26, 2024

Climate change, civil conflict and growing resistance to insecticides and treatments are all contributing to an alarming spread of cases.


An entomologist collecting mosquitoes for study from the Butuji River in Dire Dawa, Ethiopia, last year.Credit…Tiksa Negeri for The New York Times

Malaria infection rates are soaring in Ethiopia, where a combination of armed conflict, climate change and mosquitoes’ growing resistance to drugs and insecticides has accelerated the spread of a disease the country once thought it was bringing under control.

More than 6.1 million malaria cases, and 1,038 deaths, have been recorded in the country this year through the end of September, compared with 4.5 million cases, and 469 deaths, for all of 2023. Worse, cases are likely to soar far higher in the next couple of months because peak malaria season, driven by seasonal rains, begins in September and runs through the end of the year.

“We’re backsliding so fast — we’ve gone back a decade,” said Fitsum Tadesse, the lead scientist overseeing the malaria program at the Armauer Hansen Research Institute in Addis Ababa, the capital of the country.

The malaria surge in Ethiopia could prove to be a harbinger for other countries in the region, where the same underlying biological factors exist, and war and climate change are making more people vulnerable.

Dr. Tadesse believes some of the rise in cases in Ethiopia is due to growing drug resistance: The parasites that cause malaria in East Africa are increasingly resistant to treatments that have long been the bedrock of the response.

At the same time, mosquitoes are becoming more resistant to the insecticides that are used on protective bed nets and in indoor spraying programs. And they have evolved to evade diagnosis by some of the most common malaria tests.

“All of the biological factors are converging here, and it’s happening at the worst possible time,” Dr. Tadesse said.

The largest surge in cases has been reported in the country’s Oromia region, where the federal government has been fighting separatist militias in a long-running civil war. The conflict between the Ethiopian armed forces and the Oromo Liberation Army has intensified over the past five years, displacing more than 1.5 million people. Some areas, such as a region called the West Welega Zone, which has recorded some of the highest numbers of malaria cases in 2024, have been inaccessible to humanitarian and aid organizations for years.

That fighting has weakened Ethiopia’s health system, disrupted malaria control activities and displaced people, making it harder, sometimes impossible, for them to seek care. They also become more vulnerable to mosquito bites while living in temporary shelter. And they may take the malaria parasite with them, spreading the disease into new areas. Ethiopia’s borders, including its northwestern boundary with Sudan, which has a massive civil conflict of its own, are porous.

Humanitarian agencies have been unable to distribute bed nets, medications or diagnostic tests. Without prompt diagnosis and treatment, malaria can move swiftly through families and then whole communities.

Simultaneously, a changing climate has made new parts of Ethiopia vulnerable; towns with no previous history of malaria reported the disease this year. Many outbreaks were reported in highland areas — with elevations above 2,000 meters (about 6,560 feet) — where historically neither the mosquitoes nor the malaria parasite they carry were comfortable. Increasingly, the climate in these areas is becoming warmer and wetter, more hospitable for mosquitoes.

“We still don’t know the intricacies of how climate change is playing a role in all of this, but we do know its impact becomes greater when everything else is disordered,” Dr. Tadesse said.

There is an additional threat in Ethiopia from an invasive Asian mosquito species, called Anopheles stephensi, that has become established in the country in recent years. Malaria has largely been a rural disease in Africa. But stephensi is an urban mosquito, breeding in discarded soda cans and in drainage ditches and thriving in congested cities. It caused a recent surge of malaria cases in the city of Dire Dawa, and has alarmed public health officials whose malaria programs are designed to serve rural areas.

Stephensi also flourishes in building sites, where large open cisterns are used for cement- and brick-making, and such sites are increasingly common in rapidly urbanizing areas.

Seada Ahmed, health education and communication director at the Oromia Health Bureau, said that some urban areas in the region reported their first malaria cases ever this year.

After years of sustained investment mirroring the push against malaria elsewhere in sub-Saharan Africa, the Oromia region saw its cases fall from 900,000 in 2011 to about 100,000 per year in 2019. But last year the number surged to 2.8 million people, and in the last three months alone 1.4 million of 45 million people in the region were diagnosed with malaria.

Some part of that higher case figure reflects better case-finding, Ms. Ahmed said, because community health workers have been going door-to-door to try to detect new infections.

Many of those infections are severe. While just 623 people required hospitalization to treat their symptoms in 2023, more than 41,000 have been admitted to the hospital in the past three months, Ms. Ahmed said.

Ababaye Tilahun has worked for 15 years as a health worker in the West Welega Zone, where the highest case numbers have been recorded.

“We have had malaria in the past, but this year has been exceptionally worse than any other time,” Ms. Tilahun said.

Stephanie Nolen is a global health reporter for The Times.

Somalia condemns deadly terror attack on Turkish Aerospace Industries

Source: Hiiraan Önline, Wednesday October 23, 2024




CCTV footage verified and geolocated by CNN shows the attackers approaching the entrance of the aerospace site where a fatal terror attack took place on Wednesday, October 23. From Social Media
Mogadishu (HOL) — The Somali government has condemned a deadly terrorist attack on Turkish Aerospace Industries (TUSAS), describing it as a “heinous” act that threatens global peace and security. The attack, which occurred at TUSAS headquarters near Ankara on Wednesday, resulted in the deaths of five people and left 22 others injured, according to Turkish authorities.

“This cowardly act is not just an attack on Turkey, but a threat to global peace and security,” Somalia’s Foreign Ministry said in a statement. “Somalia, having faced similar challenges, empathizes with Turkey and stands in solidarity with its people.”

Somalia praised the swift response of Turkish security forces, expressing confidence that those responsible would be brought to justice. “We urge the international community to strengthen cooperation against terrorism to ensure that such acts do not weaken our shared commitment to protect our people and uphold peace,” the statement added.

The attack, described by Turkish officials as a well-coordinated assault, took place at TUSAS, a key defence contractor that manufactures drones and fighter jets. CCTV footage from the incident showed the attackers, identified as a man and a woman, approaching the facility with firearms and backpacks. An explosion rocked the building, followed by gunfire. Turkish Interior Minister Ali Yerlikaya indicated that the militant Kurdistan Workers’ Party (PKK) is suspected of carrying out the attack, though no group has claimed responsibility.

Four TUSAS employees and a taxi driver were killed in the attack, which has heightened concerns about the security of Turkey’s critical defence infrastructure. The PKK, designated as a terrorist organization by Turkey, the United States, and the European Union, has been engaged in a decades-long insurgency against the Turkish government.

The attack drew strong condemnation from Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan, who was attending the BRICS summit in Russia at the time. “This vile act is an attack on our country’s survival and defence industry,” Erdogan said. He received support from Russian President Vladimir Putin, who offered condolences, and NATO Secretary-General Mark Rutte, who stated, “NATO stands with our ally Turkey and strongly condemns terrorism in all its forms.”

Somalia, which has faced its own prolonged battle against terrorism, stressed its commitment to fighting terrorism alongside Turkey. “Somalia remains committed to standing with Turkey and the international community in this fight, grounded in mutual trust and shared values,” the statement concluded.

Somali pirates resurface after 5-month lull, threatening global shipping

Source: Thursday October 24, 2024

Boats maneuver around the pirated commercial ship MV Ruen during an Indian military operation on Saturday. Ministry of Defence/PIB via CNN
Mogadishu (HOL) — After five months of relative calm, Somali pirates have returned to the high seas, posing renewed threats to global shipping lanes. The European Union Naval Force (EUNAVFOR), operating under Operation ATALANTA, has raised an alert following the departure of a suspected pirate action group (PAG) from Somalia’s northern-central coast. The warning signals a resurgence of piracy in the region, where lawlessness and instability have once again become a breeding ground for maritime crime.

According to the Maritime Security Centre – Horn of Africa (MSCHOA), the PAG, consisting of 13 armed pirates, left Ceel Huur near Hobyo and is heading toward the Indian Ocean. “All vessels are advised to proceed with caution and report any suspicious activity,” the agency urged, reigniting fears of another wave of hijackings and attacks.

The last significant pirate activity in the region occurred on June 7, 2024, when the Marshall Islands-flagged PACIFIC HONOR was approached by suspicious vessels. That incident ended without harm, but the message was clear: Somali pirates are biding their time. Martin Kelly, head of advisory at EOS Risk Group, explains the timing: “With the end of the monsoon season, weather conditions have improved. This gives pirates the opportunity to resume operations, and we’ve been warning clients of the increased risk.”

The International Maritime Bureau (IMB) report from January to September 2024 reveals that while global piracy incidents have dropped to their lowest levels since 1994, Somali pirates remain active. Though the threat of Somali piracy had decreased from its notorious peak in the late 2000s, the tactics of modern-day pirates are becoming more sophisticated. Pirates no longer rely solely on small skiffs; instead, they commandeer dhows and fishing vessels, repurposing them as “mother ships.” These vessels enable pirates to strike targets as far as 800 nautical miles offshore, complicating international efforts to intercept them.

In a reminder of their capabilities, Somali pirates have made headlines with high-profile attacks in the past year. In December 2023, the MV Ruen was hijacked and held for three months before Indian naval forces freed the crew. In March 2024, the MV Abdullah was seized by pirates and only released after a ransom was paid.

Somali piracy does not exist in isolation. It is part of a broader regional crisis that includes Houthi rebel attacks on vessels in the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden. These attacks have forced shipping companies to reroute around the Cape of Good Hope, adding thousands of nautical miles to their journeys and increasing costs. Fewer ships are available for anti-piracy operations in the Indian Ocean, allowing pirates to operate with fewer restrictions. “The regional landscape has shifted, and with it, pirates have more opportunities,” Kelly noted while praising the Indian Navy for its role in recent rescues.

Global piracy incidents may be declining, with the International Maritime Bureau (IMB) reporting 79 incidents between January and September 2024—the lowest since 1994—but Somali waters remain a hotspot. Of the incidents reported, 111 crew members were taken hostage, 11 were kidnapped, and violence against crew members is on the rise. The IMB cautions that pirates’ ability to operate far from the Somali coastline makes them a persistent threat.

The global cost of piracy is staggering. In 2020 alone, piracy was estimated to cost the world economy $37 billion annually

Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam Poses Diplomatic Challenge for China

 Source: The South China Morning Post published on 21 October 2024 an article titled “Ethiopian Dam Could Muddy the Waters of China’s Position as a Global Leader” by Jevans Nyabiage.

Ethiopia and Egypt have long been disputing the construction by Addis Ababa of the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam on the Blue Nile.  Ethiopia and Egypt are also among the newest members of BRICS, which will soon meet in Russia.  China, also a member of BRICS, has close ties with Ethiopia and Egypt and may be seen as the party for resolving the differences between the two.  This is not a position that China relishes.  

Investigative Report on Theft of US Emergency Aid to Ethiopia

 Source: Reuters published on 18 October 2024 an investigative report titled “UN Food Agency Failed to Act as U.S. Aid Was Looted in Ethiopia” by Giulia Paravicini, Steve Stecklow, and Tiksa Negeri.  

Thousands of tons of food aid provided by USAID to the World Food Program (WFP) were diverted from hungry Ethiopian civilians in Tigray Region in 2023 to the Ethiopian military, Eritrean soldiers, and Tigrayan forces.  The authors allege that WFP staff chose to ignore the illegal diversions.  As a result, USAID temporarily shut down the assistance program

Source: Djibouti, Ethiopia strengthen logistics collaboration to boost trade

Capital Newspaper
Tuesday October 22, 2024

At their meeting in Addis Ababa, the lobby organizations representing Djibouti and Ethiopia in logistics discussed how to best utilize their collaboration to boost trade between the two countries.

For the majority of its foreign trade, Ethiopia, the most populous country without a maritime exit, depends on Djibouti.

According to Anteneh Alemu, CEO of Pave Logistics and Trading PLC and Vice President of the Ethiopian Freight Forwarder and Shipping Agents Association (EFFSAA), improving ties and collaboration between EFFSAA and the Association of Djiboutian Freight Forwarders (ATD) is essential for the effectiveness of the industry.

The Ethiopian counterpart has addressed a number of topics with the ATD team, which included President Robleh Mohamed Barreh and Secretary General Robleh Abdillahi Abdi, during their meeting on Thursday, October 17.

The majority of Ethiopian freight forwarders collaborate with their ATD-member counterparts in Djibouti while handling Ethiopian cargoes.

In the past, member logistics companies or organizations operated independently, but today, the Vice President of EFFSAA said, “The two sides have agreed to sign a memorandum of understanding (MoU) and work jointly to enhance relations and establish a formal communication platform between the two sides.”

Anteneh told Capital, “This kind of cooperation shall boost the cooperative spirit and create transparency and trust as a business.”

“We used to act independently when there were changes, like new procedures being implemented or tariffs changed, but now we will work together and share information on the ongoing activity between the two countries,” he continued.

He emphasized that ATD will receive support from the Ethiopian organization that was established in 1998.

They are doing there, in part, what EFFSAA is doing, which is to say, “We will share our experience on capacity building and training programs.”

Bringing together about 89 Djiboutian freight forwarders, ATD unites freight forwarders that work in the nation’s transportation and logistics sectors.

EFFSAA was founded by a group of logistics experts with the goal of giving the industry a greater voice and power.

Ethiopian freight forwarders frequently work with Djiboutian partners to ensure smooth cargo transportation.

The MoU is scheduled to be inked between the two parties in the near future.

KDF Soldiers Deployed in Somalia Return to Kenya [Photos]

Source: By Clinton Nyabuto

Tuesday October 22, 2024

A section of Kenya Defence Forces (KDF) soldiers deployed in Somalia under the African Union Transition Mission in Somalia (ATMIS) has returned to Kenya.

In a statement on Tuesday, October 22, by KDF, the soldiers returned to the country over the weekend and were welcomed by Brigadier (Brig) Jackson Lesaiyo, the Commander of Embakasi Garrison.

According to KDF, the move was part of a phased drawdown under ATMIS, which includes gradually transferring security responsibilities to Somalia’s security forces.

“The troops, stationed at Kuday Forward Operating Base (FOB), arrived as part of a phased drawdown under ATMIS, which involves gradually handing over security responsibilities to Somalia Security Forces,” KDF explained.

Brig. Lesaiyo praised the troops for their dedication, professionalism, and discipline during their deployment, highlighting the positive impact they had on regional security.

“We are proud of you and congratulations on completing your tour of duty. We appreciate you for upholding high levels of professionalism and discipline, enabling you to effectively execute your mandate,” he remarked.

The KDF commander further acknowledged that the soldiers’ efforts contributed to a safer Somalia and a more secure region.

The officers will now undergo routine post-deployment counseling for a smooth transition back to civilian life.

“The troops will undergo routine post-deployment counseling programs to assist in their smooth transition back to civilian life and family reunification,” KDF stated.

Last year, Environment CS Aden Duale, who was then the Defence CS, said that KDF soldiers deployed in Somalia were set to formally exit the country by December 2024.

Duale maintained that the Kenyan troops had accomplished their mission in Somalia.

Source: Museveni, Somalia President discuss peace, stability in Horn of Africa
Monday October 21, 2024

President Museveni with his Somalia counterpart, Hassan Sheikh Mohamud.

Somali President Hassan Sheikh Mohamud has completed a one-day official visit to Uganda at the invitation of Ugandan President Museveni.

The two leaders engaged in discussions aimed at boosting bilateral relations, enhancing regional security, and deepening economic ties, with a focus on Somalia’s recent integration into the East African Community (EAC).

During the visit, President Museveni congratulated Somalia for becoming the newest member of the EAC, marking what he described as “a new era of regional integration, wider regional market, and trade cooperation.”

He also praised Somalia’s election as an incoming non-permanent member of the United Nations Security Council for the 2025-2026 term, calling it a significant achievement for the country.

The heads of state exchanged views on regional security, particularly the ongoing efforts to stabilize Somalia. Both leaders commended the efforts of the African Union Transition Mission in Somalia (ATMIS) and the Somali Security Forces in combating Al-Shabaab.

“We commend the sacrifices made by ATMIS and the Somali Security Forces in pacifying the country,” read the joint communiqué issued at the conclusion of the talks.

The leaders also welcomed the establishment of the African Union Support and Stabilization Mission in Somalia (AUSSOM), which will build on the progress made by ATMIS.

They emphasized the need for “predictable and sustainable funding” for AUSSOM and called upon the international community to support this mission, referencing the importance of UN Resolution 2719 in exploring funding options.

On the bilateral front, Uganda and Somalia signed the Status of Forces Agreement (SOFA) as part of a broader Memorandum of Understanding on defense cooperation.

The agreement paves the way for closer collaboration in military matters. The two countries also discussed cooperation in areas such as education, sports, and immigration management.

President Museveni and President Mohamud directed their respective ministers to finalize Memoranda of Understanding in these areas and agreed to hold a Joint Permanent Commission and Investment Summit soon.

In a key development, President Mohamud welcomed the recent lifting of the arms embargo on Somalia, stating that it “presents an opportunity for the Federal Government of Somalia to expedite the transition process and implement the Somali Security Development Plan.”

He added that it would allow Somalia to shoulder greater responsibility for its own security.

President Museveni praised his Somali counterpart for his “commitment, resilience, and efforts” in stabilizing Somalia, while President Mohamud expressed gratitude to Uganda for its support, highlighting the shared commitment to regional peace and stability.

Both leaders reaffirmed their dedication to furthering integration through the EAC, Inter-Governmental Authority on Development (IGAD), and the African Union.

ONLF suspends participation in Ethiopia’s National Dialogue

Source: Hiiraan Online, Monday October 21, 2024

Jigjiga (HOL) – The Ogaden National Liberation Front (ONLF) has suspended its participation in the Ethiopian National Dialogue process, accusing the ruling party in the Somali region of breaching agreements made with political parties.

In a statement released on Sunday, the ONLF claimed that the ruling party unilaterally selected participants for the dialogue, excluding diverse voices and violated agreement on exclusivity.

“This exclusionary approach contradicts the very purpose of a National Dialogue, which is meant to bring together all stakeholders to address the root causes of conflict. Furthermore, with key political actors from Amhara, Oromia, and Tigray also absent and active conflicts ongoing, the current dialogue risks becoming one-sided and incapable of delivering genuine peace,” the statement said.

The ONLF reaffirmed its commitment to an inclusive, transparent, and genuine dialogue to achieve lasting peace in Ethiopia. However, they declared they would not participate in the current dialogue framework until such a process is reinstated.

The National Dialogue process was initiated to address the internal conflicts threatening to tear apart Ethiopia. Despite the efforts, the country remains embroiled in conflict, with the Tigray region devastated by civil war, the Oromo Liberation Army controlling parts of Oromia, and Amhara facing ongoing insurgency and martial law.

An Egyptian View of Developments in Somalia

 Source: The National Interest published on 9 October 2024 a commentary titled “Egypt in Somalia: Speak Softly and Carry a Big Stick” by Mohamed Farid, member of the Egyptian Senate, and Mohamed Maher, Egyptian journalist based in the US.

The African Union Support and Stabilization Mission in Somalia (AUSSOM) is scheduled to take over from the African Union Transition Mission in Somalia (ATMIS) by January 2025.  Egypt is supplying weapons, equipment, and training to the Somali National Army.

The authors argue that Egypt’s involvement in Somalia is driven by its interest in maintaining regional stability and countering al-Shabaab terrorism.  They acknowledge, however, that Egypt is concerned by Ethiopia’s “expansionist policies” that “threaten Somali sovereignty.”

China, EU, Africa seek green cooperation using bamboo instead of plastic

Source: Xihuanet, Saturday October 19, 2024

A visitor tries bamboo products on a forum on green industry cooperation in Brussels, Belgium, Oct. 17, 2024. (Xinhua/Meng Dingbo)

A forum on green industry cooperation between China, the European Union (EU), and Africa has underscored opportunities for technological collaboration and sustainable practices, particularly the use of bamboo as an alternative to plastic.

The forum, co-hosted on Thursday by the Chinese Mission to the EU and the International Bamboo and Rattan Organization, focused on fostering joint efforts to promote ecological sustainability.

In his address, Cai Run, head of the Chinese Mission to the EU, highlighted China’s progress in green and low-carbon development, citing improvements in the country’s energy structure and an increase in forest coverage. Cai positioned China as a production hub, Europe as a consumer market, and Africa as a resource developer, emphasizing the potential for collaboration across these regions.

Erik Solheim, co-chair of the Europe-Asia Center, noted that China accounts for two-thirds of new green energy projects globally and holds 60 percent of green energy technologies, including solar, wind, and electric vehicle batteries. Solheim, who previously served as under-secretary-general of the United Nations (UN), also emphasized the potential of bamboo as a sustainable alternative to plastic, which could be instrumental in reducing global plastic waste.

Former EU Transport Commissioner Violeta Bulc commended China’s commitment to bamboo research and innovation.

“China’s collaboration with African countries has led to the creation of the China-Africa Bamboo Center,” Bulc remarked, emphasizing the potential for joint efforts to promote global green development.

McArios Akanbeanab Akabong, acting head of Mission at the Embassy of Ghana in Belgium, Luxembourg, and the EU, highlighted China’s support in establishing a National Bamboo and Rattan Centre in Ghana, facilitating technological transfers that have significantly advanced the bamboo industry in the country.

Michael Braungart, a professor of sustainable development at Leuphana University in Germany, pointed to bamboo’s potential for air purification and its ability to mitigate microplastic pollution, encouraging further collaboration between Europe and China in environmental protection and economic development.

The “Bamboo as a Substitute for Plastic” initiative, launched by China in collaboration with the International Bamboo and Rattan Organization, aims to reduce plastic pollution and promote ecological preservation.

IMF approves $341 million for Ethiopia’s first loan program review

source: Reuters, Saturday October 19, 2024

The International Monetary Fund (IMF) headquarters building is seen in Washington, U.S., April 8, 2019. REUTERS/Yuri Gripas/File Photo Purchase Licensing Rights

The executive board of the International Monetary Fund approved the first review of Ethiopia’s $3.4 billion lending programme, the fund said on Friday, paving the way for a $340.7 million disbursement.

The East African nation secured the four-year financing program from the IMF in July after carrying out a series of reforms like floating its birr currency , putting its debt restructuring back on track.

Both sides announced a staff level agreement on the review late last month, which was then submitted to the board for consideration.

Ethiopia’s government wants to make “tangible progress” on the debt overhaul by December, but investors in its $1 billion Eurobond have rejected its proposed writedown of about 18%.

The IMF scheduled an unusually fast pace of reviews of Ethiopia’s current program in order to closely monitor the impact of reforms, especially on the foreign exchange side.

Reporting by Gursimran Kaur and Duncan Miriri; Editing by Leslie Adler

Ethiopia’s PM Abiy Ahmed appoints new foreign minister in cabinet reshuffle

Source: Hiiraan Online, Friday October 18, 2024


FILE – Gedion Timothewos, Ethiopia’s Minister of Justice, addresses the 55th regular session of the UN Human Rights Council in Geneva on February 26, 2024.

Addis Ababa, Ethiopia (HOL) — Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed reshuffled his cabinet on Friday, appointing Dr. Gedion Timothewos as Foreign Minister to manage Ethiopia’s strained international relations following internal and regional conflicts. 

Timothewos, formerly the Minister of Justice and Attorney General, was the main peace negotiator during the Tigray conflict. Observers believe his focus is restoring ties with Western countries, following criticism of Ethiopia’s handling of internal and regional conflicts.

The reshuffle comes amid increasing friction between Ethiopia and Somalia, particularly over a contentious Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) signed between Ethiopia and Somaliland in January 2024. The MoU grants Ethiopia a 20-kilometer stretch of Somaliland’s Red Sea coastline in exchange for recognition of Somaliland’s independence. Somalia views this as a violation of its sovereignty, sparking diplomatic fallout that included Somalia expelling Ethiopia’s ambassador and threatening to remove Ethiopian troops from southern Somalia.

Ethiopia has defended the MoU as part of its regional growth strategy and a legitimate agreement based on the political realities within Somalia. However, Somali officials, including Foreign Minister Ahmed Moalim Fiqi, have accused Ethiopia of using counterterrorism operations as a pretext to expand its territorial influence, pointing to intercepted arms shipments allegedly sent by Ethiopia to fuel local conflicts. These tensions have drawn international concern, with the United Nations urging both nations to pursue a diplomatic resolution to avoid further instability in the Horn of Africa.

Meanwhile, Hanna Araya Selassie, former head of the Ethiopian Investment Commission, has been promoted to the new Minister of Justice.
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Salamawit Kassa was promoted to the Minister of Tourism after serving as the State Minister for the Federal Communication Service. Kassa’s appointment comes as Ethiopia looks to reinvigorate a sector hit hard by internal conflict and the pandemic.